The Double Marker Test is a prenatal screening test that helps detect chromosomal abnormalities in an unborn baby. It is an important test for expecting mothers, as it helps assess the risk of genetic disorders such as Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome, and Patau syndrome. The test is typically recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy and provides crucial insights into the baby’s health.

What is the Double Marker Test?

The Double Marker Test is a blood test that measures the levels of two important markers:

• Free Beta hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin): A hormone produced by the placenta; abnormal levels may indicate chromosomal abnormalities.
• PAPP-A (Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A): A protein produced by the placenta; low levels may suggest the risk of genetic disorders.

This test is usually done along with an ultrasound (NT scan) to evaluate the baby’s growth and detect any abnormalities.

Why is the Double Marker Test Important?

This test is essential for:

• Detecting chromosomal abnormalities that may lead to birth defects.
• Assessing the risk of Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), Edwards syndrome (Trisomy 18), and Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13).
• Providing early information to parents so they can make informed decisions about the pregnancy.
• Reducing anxiety by reassuring parents if the test results are normal.

Who Should Get the Double Marker Test?

Doctors recommend this test for:

• Women above 35 years of age, as the risk of genetic disorders increases with maternal age.
• Pregnant women with a family history of genetic disorders.
• Expecting mothers who have had abnormal ultrasound findings.
• Women who have had previous pregnancies with chromosomal abnormalities.

How is the Double Marker Test Done?

The Double Marker Test is a simple blood test that requires:

1. A blood sample drawn from the mother’s arm.
2. An ultrasound (NT scan) to measure the baby’s nuchal translucency (fluid behind the baby’s neck).
3. The blood sample is analyzed in a laboratory, and results are typically available within 3-5 days.

Understanding Double Marker Test Results

The test results provide a risk ratio indicating the likelihood of chromosomal abnormalities:

• Low Risk: A normal result indicating a healthy pregnancy.
• High Risk: A positive result suggesting a higher chance of a genetic disorder. Additional tests like the NIPT (Non-Invasive Prenatal Test) or Amniocentesis may be required for confirmation.

Cost of Double Marker Test in India

The cost of a Double Marker Test in India varies based on the hospital or diagnostic center. On average, the price ranges between ₹2500 to ₹5000.

Conclusion

The Double Marker Test is an important prenatal screening test that helps detect genetic conditions early in pregnancy. It provides essential information for parents and healthcare providers, allowing them to take necessary precautions if required. If you are expecting, consult your doctor to determine whether this test is suitable for you.

Additional Information on Pregnancy Screening Tests

Apart from the Double Marker Test, there are other important prenatal screening tests that doctors may recommend, including:

• Triple Marker Test: Conducted in the second trimester, this test measures three markers to further assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities.
• Quadruple Marker Test: Similar to the triple marker test but includes an additional marker for a more detailed risk analysis.
• Non-Invasive Prenatal Test (NIPT): A highly accurate blood test that screens for genetic conditions without any risk to the baby.

How to Prepare for the Double Marker Test

• Fasting is not required for this test.
• Inform your doctor about any medications you are taking before the test.
• The test is best performed between 9-13 weeks of pregnancy.

What to Do After Receiving the Test Results?

If your test results indicate a low risk, it means your baby is unlikely to have chromosomal abnormalities. However, if the results show a high risk, your doctor may recommend additional tests such as an NIPT, amniocentesis, or chorionic villus sampling (CVS) for further confirmation.

Regular prenatal checkups and a healthy lifestyle are crucial for a smooth pregnancy journey. If you have any concerns, always discuss them with your doctor to ensure the best care for you and your baby.